Ho sebelisa limatlafatsi ka bongata ho feta ho ka baka kholo le mathata a boleng lijalong tsa meroho.
Metsi a nosetso a ka fana ka karolo e kholo ea limatlafatsi tse hlokoang ke sejalo, haholo-holo naetrojene, 'me limatlafatsi tsena li lokela ho ikarabella lenaneong la hau la moiteli ka kakaretso.
Ho etsa sena, o hloka ho tseba pokello ea limatlafatsi metsing a hau a nosetso le hore na o sebelisa metsi a makae.
Selelekela
Ho sebelisa limatlafatsi ka bongata ho feta ho ka baka kholo le mathata a boleng lijalong tsa meroho.
Mohlala, tšebeliso e setseng ea naetrojene e ka lebisa ho kholo e holimo haholo le mathata a boleng lijalong tse ngata tsa meroho ho kenyeletsoa lihoete, litapole, lettuce le li-brassicas.
Limatlafatsi tse kenyellelitsoeng lijalo tse tsoang metsing a nosetso li lokela ho tlalehoa lenaneong la hau la kakaretso la manyolo.
Metsi a tsoang maboreng kapa matamong a sebelisetsoang ho nosetsa lijalo ha a hloekile. Hape le letsoai le tloaelehileng (sodium chloride), metsi a nosetso hangata a na le limatlafatsi tse hlokahalang ho jala kholo joalo ka calcium, magnesium, nitrogen, potasiamo mme ka linako tse ling phosphorus. Haeba bongata ba limatlafatsi tsena le bongata ba metsi a sebelisitsoeng li phahame, limatlafatsi tse ngata li ka sebelisoa sejalong ha ho nosetsoa.
Palo ea limatlafatsi tse sebelisitsoeng
Palo ea limatlafatsi tse sebelisitsoeng metsing a nosetso e ka baloa. Ho etsa sena, sekaseka phepelo ea metsi ho tseba hore na limatlafatsi li ngata hakae metsing a nosetso. Palo ea metsi a nosetso a tla sebelisoa sejalong le eona e lokela ho lekanyetsoa.
Palo e potlakileng ea limatlafatsi e sebelisitsoeng metsing a nosetso e ka etsoa ho tloha Lethathamong la 1.
Sekhahla sa metsi a sebelisitsoeng le sampling
Ho fumana hore na metsi a nosetso a sebelisoa letsatsi le leng le le leng kapa beke le beke ke sistimi ea hau, sebelisa data e ka tšeptjoang ea ho fafatsa kapa lekanya tlhahiso le lipalo tsa pula.
Ha o bokella sampole ea metsi bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea limatlafatsi, lumella sistimi ea nosetso ho sebetsa metsotso e mehlano ebe o hlatsoa botlolo ea polasetiki e hloekileng kapa nkho le sekwahelo sa eona ka metsi a nosetso.
Kamora ho tšolla metsi a hlatsoitsoeng, bokella sampole ea metsi e 100 ho isa ho 200mL ho li fafatsa ebe u beha sekwahelo ka thata ka setshelong. Se ke oa tlatsa setshelo ka botlalo kaha ho ka hlokahala hore se hoame pele se hlahlojoa. Sampole ea metsi e lokela ho fetisetsoa kapele ho laboratori bakeng sa tlhahlobo.
Kamora tlhahlobo ea sampole, o tla fumana lakane ea liphetho. Liphetho tse thathamisitsoeng li lokela ho kenyelletsa:
- naetrojene e felletseng (kakaretso-N)
- naetrojene-naetrojene (NO3-N) le ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N)
- phosphorus (P)
- potasiamo (K)
- sebabole (S)
- khalsiamo (Ca)
- magnesium (Mg).
Ho tseba hore na limatlafatsi li ngata hakae sampoleng, ho lokela ho sebelisoe boleng bo felletseng. Leha ho le joalo, haeba tlhahlobo ea naetrojene e hlahisoa feela e le nitrate, arola nomoro ka 4.5 ho fumana mohopolo oa nitrate-nitrogen. Mohlala, 45mg / L nitrate e lekana 10mg / L nitrate-nitrogen.
Motsoako o sebelisitsoe
Mohlala, naetrojene e felletseng e sebelisitsoeng sejalong sa meroho ho tsoa metsing a nosetso ke 14kg / ha / beke haeba 10mm ea metsi a nosetso a nang le nitrogen ea 20mg / L e sebelisoa letsatsi le leng le le leng bakeng sa beke (ke hore, 70mm ea metsi a nosetso ka beke). Palo ena e bontšoa ka mongolo o motenya ho Tafole 1.
Metsi a sebelisoa (mm) | 1 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.20 | 0.25 | 0.30 |
5 | 0.05 | 0.25 | 0.50 | 0.75 | 1.00 | 1.25 | 1.50 |
10 | 0.10 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 1.50 | 2.00 | 2.50 | 3.00 |
15 | 0.15 | 0.75 | 1.50 | 2.25 | 3.00 | 3.75 | 4.50 |
20 | 0.20 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 3.00 | 4.00 | 5.00 | 6.00 |
25 | 0.25 | 1.25 | 2.50 | 3.75 | 5.00 | 6.25 | 7.50 |
30 | 0.30 | 1.50 | 3.00 | 4.50 | 6.00 | 7.50 | 9.00 |
35 | 0.35 | 1.75 | 3.50 | 5.25 | 7.00 | 8.75 | 10.50 |
40 | 0.40 | 2.00 | 4.00 | 6.00 | 8.00 | 10.00 | 12.00 |
45 | 0.45 | 2.02 | 4.50 | 6.75 | 9.00 | 11.25 | 13.50 |
50 | 0.50 | 2.50 | 5.00 | 7.50 | 10.00 | 12.50 | 15.00 |
55 | 0.55 | 2.75 | 5.50 | 8.25 | 11.00 | 13.75 | 16.50 |
60 | 0.60 | 3.00 | 6.00 | 9.00 | 12.00 | 15.00 | 18.00 |
65 | 0.65 | 3.25 | 6.50 | 9.75 | 13.00 | 16.25 | 19.50 |
70 | 0.70 | 3.50 | 7.00 | 10.50 | 14.00 | 17.50 | 21.00 |
Tlhokomeliso: Limiligrama ka litha e le nngwe (mg / L) li lekana le likarolo ka milione (ppm).
Bakeng sa sejalo sa libeke tse 10, palo eohle ea naetrojene e sebelisitsoeng ho tsoa metsing a nosetso e tla ba 140kg / ha. Sekhahla sa naetrojene ea manyolo e sebelisitsoeng sejalong se lokela ho fokotsoa ka palo e balloeng bakeng sa bophelo ba sejalo (mohlala, 140kg N / ha).