Litapole tsa peo ke motheo oa lijalo tse atlehileng tsa litapole. Mekhoa e metle ea ho sebetsana le ho lokisa ha e sireletse feela bophelo bo botle ba peo empa hape e thusa ho boloka lilemo tsa fisioloji- ntlha e kholo e susumetsang chai, palo ea stem, le boleng ba tuber. Joalokaha ho hatisitsoe nakong ea NAPSO Webinar #3 (March 2025), mokhoa ona kaofela—ho tloha polokelong ho ea ho ho lema—o tlameha ho laoloa ka hloko ho theha motheo oa limela tse phetseng hantle, tse matla.
Ho boloka Litapole tsa Peō: Ho fokotsa Botsofali ba 'mele
Ngaka Kasia Duellman, Setsebi sa Katoloso ea Litapole Univesithing ea Idaho, o totobalitse seo. tsamaiso e hlokolosi ea polokelo ke ea bohlokoa:
- Rate Cooling: Butle-butle theola mocheso ka 3–4°F ka beke, kapa kapele (ka letsatsi) ka phallo e ntle ea moea.
- Sepheo sa Mocheso oa ho boloka: 34-39 ° F ho etsa hore ho be le boroko le ho fokotsa ho mela pele ho nako.
- Ventilation: Ho phalla hantle ha moea ho thibela condensation le ho bola ha bonolo.
Pele ho romelloa, peo e lokela ho ba ho futhumala butle ho thibela ho tšoha ha mocheso le ho fokotsa matetetso-e leng sesosa se ka sehloohong sa ho tsofala ha peo le ho ba kotsing ea ho kula.
Mekhoa e Molemohali ea ho Romela Litapole tsa Peo
Ho tsamaisa thepa ho hlahisa kotsi e kholo haeba ho sa etsoe ka nepo. Dr. Duellman o khothalletsa:
- Peo e futhumatsang pele: Phahamisa mocheso oa makhasi holimo 45 ° F pele o tloswa haeba o seha kapele ka mora ho fihla.
- Tšoara ka Tlhokomelo: Qoba ho theoha ka holimo ho lisenthimithara tse tšeletseng ho thibela kotsi ea mochine.
- Sepalangoang sa moea: Boloka moea o potoloha ho thibela ho bokellana ha mongobo le serame.
- Bakhanni ba Thuto: Bakhanni ba tlameha ho utloisisa litlhoko tsa mocheso le moea.
Maemo a mabe a sekepe a ka fella ka tahlehelo e fihlang ho 30% ka matla a peo, ho latela lintlha tsa morao-rao tse tsoang ho American Journal of Potato Research (2024).
Ho Amohela le ho Tšoara Peo
Ha o fumana peo:
- Libaka tsa polokelo tse Hloekileng: Qoba ho silafatsoa ke mafu kapa masala a lik'hemik'hale joalo ka CIPC (Chlorpropham).
- Pholiso ea maqeba: E bohlokoa haeba peo e khaoloa. Maemo a loketseng ke:
- mocheso: 50–70°F
- mongobo: 85–95%
- Ho foka ha moea: E tsoelang pele
- Time: Libeke tse 1-3, ho itšetlehile ka likotsi tsa mafu le boholo ba leqeba.
Pholiso e nepahetseng ea maqeba e fokotsa haholo likotsi tsa Fusarium omileng bola 'me bonolo bo bole, litšokelo tse peli tse kholo lijalong tsa litapole tsa sehla sa pele.
Ho utloisisa Mehla ea Fisioloji
Nako ea fisioloji e bohlokoa ho feta letsatsi la kotulo:
- Peō e Ncha: Monyetla o phahameng oa lihlahisoa, lithupa tse fokolang.
- Peo ya Mengwaheng e Bohareng: Ho hlaha ka potlako, sete ea junifomo e eketsehileng.
- Peo ya Kgale: Ho hlaha ho fokolang, li-tubers tse nyane, matla a tlase.
Khatello ea tikoloho (ho fetoha ha mocheso, matetetso) ho potlakisa botsofali ba 'mele, ho etsa hore ho sebetsana ka hloko ho be bohlokoa. Ho sebelisa peo e loketseng mmele e ntlafatsa tlhahiso le lihlahisoa tsa ho qetela.
Ho Seha le ho Alafa Peo Bakeng sa ho Jala
Ho khaola li-tubers tse kholo likotoana tsa peo ho ka eketsa phepelo, empa:
- E futhumala pele ho 45–50°F pele o seha.
- Boholo bo loketseng: 1.5-3 oz sekotoana se seng le se seng.
- Li-blades tse bohale: Hloekisa ka linako tsohle ho thibela ho ata ha mafu.
- Pholiso ea maqeba: Ka mor'a ho khaola, lumella likotoana tsa peo hore li fokotsehe pele li lema.
Phekolo ea Peō ea Fungicide:
- Lebela mafu a kang fusarium, rhizoctonia, 'me silver scurf.
- Fetola mekhoa ea liketso tsa fungicide ho thibela ho hanyetsa.
- Lisebelisoa tsa metsi li fana ka tšireletso e betere ho feta lerole.
Le hoja phekolo ea lik'hemik'hale e le "inshorense e theko e tlaase," Dr. Duellman oa hlokomelisa hore ho joalo e seng pheko-tsohle, haholo-holo tlas'a maemo a mobu a batang, a mongobo.
Lintlha tsa ho qetela tsa ho lema
Bakeng sa ho lema ka katleho:
- Match mocheso oa peo ho mocheso oa mobu.
- Qoba ho pepeseha ha peō ka har'a lihoai ka bosiu bo le bong.
- Khetha e nepahetseng sebaka le botebo e itshetlehileng hodima matla a peo le mefuta e fapaneng.
- Sebelisa peo e hloekisitsoeng ka fungicide ha khatello ea mafu e phahame.
Ho lieha ho hlaha ho bakoang ke serame kapa maemo a mongobo ho ka senya ho thehoa ha lijalo, kahoo ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa maemo a matle a ho jala.
Ho tloha polokelong e hlokolosi le thomello e bonolo ho isa ho ho itšeha ka bohlale le liphekolo tse nepahetseng, mohato o mong le o mong oa ho sebetsana le litapole tsa peo. Joalokaha Dr. Kasia Duellman a hatelletse, liphoso tse nyane mothating ofe kapa ofe li ka ba le litlamorao tse kholo ho chai le phaello. Ka ho sebelisa mekhoa ena e metle, balemi ba ka sireletsa matsete a bona, ba ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea masimong, 'me ba kenya letsoho indastering ea litapole e tsitsitseng, e tšoarellang.
Ha mathata a tikoloho le litšokelo tsa mafu li ntse li tsoela pele ho fetoha, ho dula o na le tsebo le mafolofolo tsamaisong ea peo e bohlokoa ho feta leha e le neng pele.
Bakeng sa ba nang le thahasello, lisebelisoa tse felletseng tsa ho rekota le ho hlahisa webinar li fumaneha ka Websaeteng ea NAPSO.
